Archaeological methods refer to the techniques and strategies used by archaeologists to study and interpret ancient artifacts, sites, and cultures. These methods include excavation, surveying, dating techniques, analysis of material culture, and remote sensing technologies. Archaeologists use a combination of fieldwork, laboratory analysis, and other scientific methods to reconstruct past societies and understand their development over time. These methods often involve collaborating with other disciplines such as geology, chemistry, and anthropology to gain a comprehensive understanding of the archaeological record.